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The EU’s Strategic Dilemma

Balancing Rights, Innovations, and Competitiveness under the AI Act

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This article investigates whether the EU AI Act can balance fundamental rights protection with economic competitiveness. While the Act strengthens a value-based approach to AI governance, its broad regulatory framework combined with considerable exceptions risk undermining both effectiveness and innovation. Ultimately, without stronger industrial support, the Act may weaken the EU’s international stance rather than reinforce its global leadership

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Brussels has favoured a “rights-driven” model to AI governance, crowned by the adoption of the AI Act (2023), which prioritises risk mitigation and the safeguard of fundamental rights.
Cite this brief
Dinarello, C. (2026). The EU’s Strategic Dilemma. EPIS Insight · Artificial Intelligence & Cybersecurity.
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