Mikhail Gorbachev

As Soviet leader (1985-1991), Mikhail Gorbachev redefined global politics. His policies of openness (glasnost) and restructuring (perestroika) led to the end of the Cold War and to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev's leadership introduced new political and economic freedoms in the Soviet Union. His role in the German reunification process and arms reduction treaties fostered a more cooperative global environment, shaping the post-Cold War world.