Strengthening Collective Cyber-Defence in the EU

This brief examines the question of to what extent the NIS2 and the Cyber Solidarity Act strengthen the EU’s capacity for collective cyber crisis defence. 

The analysis demonstrates that the NIS2 builds resilience through national obligations, while the Cyber Solidarity Act enhances collective capacity by increasing EU-level preparedness.

It concludes that cross-border cybersecurity issues require a layered governance approach that combines aspects from both acts.